It probably varies from person to person (based on where you live, sun exposure, etc), but I can tell you my experience.
In Oct 2009, (pre-paleo) my levels were 31. The lab reference range was 30-100, so I didn't think anything about it at the time. Fast forward to Sept 2010, I started Paleo. In October 2010, I started supplementing 5000 IU/day of D3 (just like the brand you link). In Dec 2010, I had a check up and blood work done. My D levels were up to 61. So that was a doubling in about 2 months.
I live in the Boston area and wasn't getting a whole lot of sun exposure Oct-Dec, so I attribute the rise almost exclusively to the supplementation.
Since then I've started taking FCLO, which has D as well. So, I've switched to 2000 IU soft gels so I can have more control over the exact amount I'm supplementing. I now try to adjust my D intake based on how much sun I've gotten, whether I've taken my fclo, etc.