Blog

10

1

Do carnivorous animals run on ketones or do they run on a mixture of fat and glucose (gluconeogenesis)? Are they simply more efficient at converting protein to glucose than humans? Any information would be appreciated.

flag
5 
I just found this on felipedia.org "In cats, gluconeogenesis from amino acids is not downregulated even if protein intake is deficient. As a direct effect of a low carbohydrate intake under natural feeding conditions, cats have developed a high capacity for intensive gluconeogenesis from glucogenic amino acids[3]. The activity of gluconeogenic enzymes is much higher in cats than in dogs" – foreveryoung May 29 at 14:18

2 Answers

4

Glucose and ketones are complementary substrates for energy production in all mammals. Although we tend to associate them with "starvation" (or glucose starvation) in mammals, ketone bodies such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate are produced by the liver, and tissues such as heart muscle routinely derive much of their metabolic energy from oxidation of these compounds.

"Any standard biochemistry textbook will point out that ketone bodies are routinely being used for fuel in cardiac and skeletal muscle of higher animals. The brain only uses ketone bodies when glucose supplies are very low, such as during starvation '" http://www.jbc.org/content/272/34/21151.full

My bet is that carnivores with very little glucose intake, fuel their central nervous system with a minority of gluconeogensis generated glucose and majority of ketones (as human would), but with advanced gluconeogenesis to supply glycogen for muscles (in humans this process is limited - it's pretty hard to do high intensisty explosive exercise fuelled by gluconeogenesis alone).

I'm pretty much guessing though...

link|flag
Think it's possible to change our ability to perform better over time? I wonder if traditional cultures (Masai etc) have a differing ability to those of us raised on a SAD. – Ashley May 29 at 17:32
Do the Masai do a lot of HIT? – Warren D May 29 at 18:17
@boro- but your intuition is in direct conflict from the very little information I could find on the subject. Apparently cats have an upregulated gluconeogenic pathway – foreveryoung May 29 at 21:47
@foreveryoung I thought I said that "but with advanced gluconeogenesis to supply glycogen for muscles". I am agreeing that they have a bigger capacity to generate glucose from protein (for muscle glycogen). – borofergie May 29 at 22:37
1 
Yeah I wish I could find more on this. I do know that cats do not have ketotic breath. – foreveryoung Jun 12 at 19:41
show 1 more comment
1

Great question atlast

link|flag

Your Answer

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.