The Tokelau Island Migrant Study is up there.

"Over the course of the last month, I've outlined some of the major findings of the Tokelau Island Migrant study. It's one of the most comprehensive studies I've found of a traditional culture transitioning to a modern diet and lifestyle. It traces the health of the inhabitants of the Pacific island Tokelau over time, as well as the health of Tokelauan migrants to New Zealand."

http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2009/01/tokelau-island-migrant-study-final-word.html

http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/search/label/Tokelau

http://thepaleodiet.com/published_research/

I just posted this article in another thread but here is a small example. Paleo diet practitioners often mention that fruit should only be eaten in small amounts and mostly in summer. This is because fruit was seasonal and therefore for most of our existence we only got it in small amounts. Now there are studies that say cancer thrives on fructose. Once again, following the Paleo diet has you covered.

http://www.reuters.com/article/idAFN0210830520100802

A couple of my favorites here:

http://www.paleoforlife.org/article/metabolic-and-physiologic-improvements-from-consuming-a-paleolithic-hunter-gatherer-type-diet.19209185.html

http://www.paleoforlife.org/article/dietary-fats-carbohydrate-and-progression-of-coronary-atherosclerosis-in-postmenopausal-women.15531663.html

I've bookmarked a few paleo-related articles on Delicious.